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Abnormal Deny Rate for Source IP

Description

'Identifies abnormal deny rate for specific source IP to destination IP based on the normal average and standard deviation learned during a configured period. This can indicate potential exfiltration, initial access or C2, where attacker tries to exploit the same vulnerability on machines in the organization, but is being blocked by firewall rules. Configurable Parameters: - Minimum of stds threshold - the number of stds to use in the threshold calculation. Default is set to 3. - Learning period time - learning period for threshold calculation in days. Default is set to 5. - Bin time - learning buckets time in hours. Default is set to 1 hour. - Minimum threshold - minimum threshold for alert. Default is set to 5. - Minimum bucket threshold - minimum learning buckets threshold for alert. Default is set to 5.'
Rule type
Scheduled
Version
1.1.3
Declared status
Available
Query frequency
1h
Query period
25h
Trigger
gt 0

Declared MITRE coverage

Declared sources

Metadata from the source file. No dependencies inferred from KQL.

Connectors

Data types

KQL query

Original query, unchanged.

let LearningPeriod = 1d;
let RunTime = 1h;
let StartLearningPeriod = LearningPeriod + RunTime;
let EndRunTime = RunTime - 1h;
let BinTime = 1h;
let NumOfStdsThreshold = 3;
let MinThreshold = 5.0;
let MinLearningBuckets = 5;
// Restrict unioned tables to the full analysis window to avoid full-table scans
let FullWindowStart = ago(StartLearningPeriod);
let FullWindowEnd = now();
let TrafficLogs = (union isfuzzy=true
(AzureDiagnostics
| where TimeGenerated between (FullWindowStart .. FullWindowEnd)
| where OperationName == "AzureFirewallApplicationRuleLog" or OperationName == "AzureFirewallNetworkRuleLog" 
| parse msg_s with * "from " SourceIp ":" SourcePort:int " to " Fqdn ":" DestinationPort:int ". " * "Action: " Action "." *
| where Action == "Deny"
| where isnotempty(Fqdn) and isnotempty(SourceIp)),
(AZFWNetworkRule
| where TimeGenerated between (FullWindowStart .. FullWindowEnd)
| extend Fqdn = DestinationIp
| where Action == "Deny"
| where isnotempty(Fqdn) and isnotempty(SourceIp)),
(AZFWFlowTrace
| where TimeGenerated between (FullWindowStart .. FullWindowEnd)
| extend Fqdn = DestinationIp
| where Action == "Deny"
| where isnotempty(Fqdn) and isnotempty(SourceIp)),
(AZFWIdpsSignature
| where TimeGenerated between (FullWindowStart .. FullWindowEnd)
| extend Fqdn = DestinationIp
| where Action == "Deny"
| where isnotempty(Fqdn) and isnotempty(SourceIp)),
(AZFWApplicationRule
| where TimeGenerated between (FullWindowStart .. FullWindowEnd)
| where Action == "Deny"
| where isnotempty(Fqdn) and isnotempty(SourceIp)));
let LearningSrcIpDenyRate = (TrafficLogs
| where TimeGenerated between (ago(StartLearningPeriod) .. ago(RunTime))
| summarize count() by SourceIp, bin(TimeGenerated, BinTime), Fqdn
| summarize LearningTimeSrcIpDenyRateAvg = avg(count_), LearningTimeSrcIpDenyRateStd = stdev(count_), LearningTimeBuckets = count() by SourceIp, Fqdn
| where LearningTimeBuckets > MinLearningBuckets);
let AlertTimeSrcIpDenyRate = (TrafficLogs
| where TimeGenerated between (ago(RunTime) .. ago(EndRunTime))
| summarize AlertTimeSrcIpDenyRateCount = count() by SourceIp, Fqdn);
AlertTimeSrcIpDenyRate
| join kind=leftouter (LearningSrcIpDenyRate) on SourceIp, Fqdn
| extend LearningThreshold = max_of(LearningTimeSrcIpDenyRateAvg + NumOfStdsThreshold * LearningTimeSrcIpDenyRateStd, MinThreshold)
| where AlertTimeSrcIpDenyRateCount > LearningThreshold
| project SourceIp, Fqdn, AlertTimeSrcIpDenyRateCount, LearningTimeBuckets, LearningThreshold

Declared entities

IPURL

Related content

Links established from declared identifiers and solution manifests.

Source provenance

GitHub

Displayed values come from files in Azure/Azure-Sentinel. They describe the published template, not your workspace configuration.

Source identifier
d36bb1e3-5abc-4037-ad9a-24ba3469819e
Additional source files 2Solutions/Azure Firewall/Analytic Rules/Azure Firewall - Abnormal Deny Rate for Source IP.yamlsource ↗Solutions/Azure Firewall/Data/Solution_AzureFirewall.jsonsolution-membership ↗
GSTEP / CATALOG TRACKING

Added to catalog : 16 Sept 2026 · 05:49 UTC
Last change observed : 16 Sept 2026 · 05:49 UTC

GSTEP sync dates, separate from the source content’s publication dates.