↳ GitHub sourceAnalytics ruleMedium
Detect presence of private IP addresses in URLs (ASIM Web Session)
Description
'This rule identifies requests made to atypical URLs, as malware can exploit IP addresses for communication with command-and-control (C2) servers. The detection identifies network requests that contain either plain text or Base64 encoded IP addresses. Alerts are triggered when a private IP address is observed as plain text or base64 encoded in an outbound web request. This method of concealing the IP address was observed in the utilization of the RunningRAT tool by POLONIUM.'
- Rule type
- Scheduled
- Version
- 1.0.1
- Declared status
- Available
- Query frequency
- 1h
- Query period
- 1h
- Trigger
- gt 0
Declared MITRE coverage
KQL query
Original query, unchanged.
let lookback = 1h;
// Identified base64 encoded IPv4 addresses
let ipv4_encoded_identification_regex = @"\=([a-zA-Z0-9\/\+]*(?:(?:MC|Au|wL|MS|Eu|xL|Mi|Iu|yL|My|Mu|zL|NC|Qu|0L|NS|Uu|1L|Ni|Yu|2L|Ny|cu|3L|OC|gu|4L|OS|ku|5L){1}[a-zA-Z0-9\/\+]{2,4}){3}[a-zA-Z0-9\/\+\=]*)";
// Extractes IPv4 addresses as hex values
let ipv4_decoded_hex_extract = @"((?:(?:61|62|63|64|65|66|67|68|69|6a|6b|6c|6d|6e|6f|70|71|72|73|74|75|76|77|78|79|7a|41|42|43|44|45|46|47|48|49|4a|4b|4c|4d|4e|4f|50|51|52|53|54|55|56|57|58|59|5a|2f|2b|3d),){6,14}(?:61|62|63|64|65|66|67|68|69|6a|6b|6c|6d|6e|6f|70|71|72|73|74|75|76|77|78|79|7a|41|42|43|44|45|46|47|48|49|4a|4b|4c|4d|4e|4f|50|51|52|53|54|55|56|57|58|59|5a|2f|2b|3d))";
let ipV4_Private_FromPlainString = _Im_WebSession(starttime=ago(lookback), eventresult='Success')
| where isnotempty(Url)
| extend ip_inURL = extract(@"\b\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\b", 0, Url)
| where ipv4_is_private(ip_inURL)
| where not(ipv4_is_private(DstIpAddr)) // only take traffic going to internet
| summarize
EventCount=count(),
EventEndTime = max(TimeGenerated),
EventStartTime = min(TimeGenerated),
Urls=tostring(make_set(Url, 100))
by SrcIpAddr, SrcUsername, SrcHostname, ip_inURL;
let ipV4_Private_FromEncodedString =
_Im_WebSession(starttime=ago(lookback), eventresult='Success')
| where isnotempty(Url)
// Identify requests with encoded IPv4 addresses
| where Url matches regex ipv4_encoded_identification_regex
| where not(ipv4_is_private(DstIpAddr)) // only take traffic going to internet
| project TimeGenerated, Url, SrcIpAddr, SrcUsername, SrcHostname
// Extract IP candidates in their base64 encoded format, significantly reducing the dataset
| extend extracted_encoded_ip_inURL = extract_all(ipv4_encoded_identification_regex, Url)
// We could have more than one ip, expand them out
| mv-expand extracted_encoded_ip_inURL to typeof(string)
| summarize
EventStartTime=min(TimeGenerated),
EventEndTime=max(TimeGenerated),
make_set(Url, 100),
EventCount=count()
by extracted_encoded_ip_inURL, SrcIpAddr, SrcUsername, SrcHostname
// Pad if we need to
| extend extracted_encoded_ip_inURL = iff(strlen(extracted_encoded_ip_inURL) % 2 == 0, extracted_encoded_ip_inURL, strcat(extracted_encoded_ip_inURL, "="))
// Now decode the candidate to a long array, we cannot go straight to string as it cannot handle non-UTF8, we need to strip that first
| extend extracted_encoded_ip_inURL = tostring(base64_decode_toarray(extracted_encoded_ip_inURL))
// Extract the IP candidates from the array
| extend hex_extracted = extract_all(ipv4_decoded_hex_extract, extracted_encoded_ip_inURL)
// Expand, it's still possible that we might have more than 1 IP
| mv-expand hex_extracted
// Now we should have a clean string. We need to put it back into a dynamic array to convert back to a string.
| extend hex_extracted = trim_end(",", tostring(hex_extracted))
| extend hex_extracted = strcat("[", hex_extracted, "]")
| extend hex_extracted = todynamic(hex_extracted)
// Convert the array back into a string
| extend decoded_ip_inURL = unicode_codepoints_to_string(hex_extracted)
| where ipv4_is_private(decoded_ip_inURL)
| project
ip_inURL=decoded_ip_inURL,
Urls=tostring(set_Url),
EventStartTime,
EventEndTime,
EventCount,
SrcIpAddr,
SrcUsername,
SrcHostname;
union ipV4_Private_FromPlainString, ipV4_Private_FromEncodedString
| extend Name = iif(SrcUsername contains "@", tostring(split(SrcUsername,'@',0)[0]),SrcUsername), UPNSuffix = iif(SrcUsername contains "@",tostring(split(SrcUsername,'@',1)[0]),"")
Declared entities
Related content
Links established from declared identifiers and solution manifests.
Source provenance
GitHubDisplayed values come from files in Azure/Azure-Sentinel. They describe the published template, not your workspace configuration.
- Commit
9800e51↗- Source identifier
e3a7722a-e099-45a9-9afb-6618e8f05405
GSTEP / CATALOG TRACKING
Added to catalog : 16 Sept 2026 · 05:49 UTC
Last change observed : 16 Sept 2026 · 05:49 UTC